7 Common Supplements Linked to Heart Palpitations and What You Should Know

Heart palpitations, characterized by a feeling of a racing, fluttering, or pounding heart, can be alarming. While they are often harmless and result from stress or caffeine, certain supplements may also be a culprit. These supplements, commonly used for various health benefits, can sometimes cause or exacerbate heart palpitations due to their stimulant properties or interactions with the heart's electrical system. This article explores seven supplements that might be responsible for these uncomfortable sensations.

1. Caffeine-Based Supplements

Caffeine is widely recognized for its stimulant effects, commonly consumed through coffee, tea, and energy drinks. However, caffeine is also present in many dietary supplements, particularly those marketed for weight loss, energy, or athletic performance.

How It Causes Palpitations: Caffeine increases heart rate by stimulating the central nervous system, which can lead to heart palpitations, especially in individuals sensitive to its effects. The risk is higher when caffeine is consumed in high doses or combined with other stimulants.

Scientific Evidence: Studies have shown that excessive caffeine intake can lead to an increased risk of arrhythmias, including atrial fibrillation. While moderate consumption is generally safe for most people, supplementing with high doses of caffeine can tip the balance, causing palpitations and other cardiac issues.

Trusted Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5373490/

2. Ephedra and Ephedrine Alkaloids

Ephedra, an herb traditionally used in Chinese medicine, was once a popular ingredient in weight loss and energy supplements. Its active compounds, ephedrine alkaloids, are potent stimulants.

How It Causes Palpitations: Ephedrine stimulates the heart and nervous system, increasing blood pressure and heart rate, which can result in palpitations. The risk is particularly high when ephedrine is combined with other stimulants or consumed in high amounts.

Scientific Evidence: The FDA banned ephedra-containing supplements in 2004 due to safety concerns, including reports of heart attacks, strokes, and death. Despite the ban, similar compounds are still found in some over-the-counter supplements, which can pose similar risks.

Trusted Source: https://www.fda.gov/drugs/information-drug-class/qa-ephedrine-alkaloid-dietary-supplements

3. Yohimbine

Yohimbine is derived from the bark of the African Yohimbe tree and is commonly used in supplements aimed at improving sexual performance, weight loss, and athletic performance.

How It Causes Palpitations: Yohimbine acts as a stimulant, increasing adrenaline levels in the body. This can lead to increased heart rate and blood pressure, potentially causing palpitations, especially in those with underlying heart conditions or anxiety.

Scientific Evidence: Research indicates that yohimbine can cause a significant increase in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, as well as heart rate, particularly in sensitive individuals or those who take high doses.

Trusted Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3295780/

4. Bitter Orange (Synephrine)

Bitter orange, also known as Citrus aurantium, is often used in supplements marketed for weight loss and energy. Its active compound, synephrine, is structurally similar to ephedrine and has similar stimulant effects.

How It Causes Palpitations: Synephrine increases heart rate and blood pressure by stimulating the body's adrenergic receptors, similar to how ephedrine works. This can result in palpitations, particularly when combined with other stimulants like caffeine.

Scientific Evidence: Several studies have linked bitter orange supplements to adverse cardiovascular effects, including heart palpitations and elevated blood pressure, raising concerns about their safety.

Trusted Source: https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements-bitter-orange/art-20366973

5. Ginseng

Ginseng, a popular herb in traditional medicine, is often used to boost energy, improve concentration, and enhance overall well-being. However, its stimulant properties can sometimes lead to unwanted side effects.

How It Causes Palpitations: Ginseng can stimulate the central nervous system, potentially increasing heart rate and causing palpitations, particularly in high doses or when taken with other stimulants.

Scientific Evidence: While ginseng is generally considered safe, there have been reports of it causing insomnia, anxiety, and palpitations, particularly in individuals who are sensitive to stimulants or who consume large quantities.

Trusted Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3659559/

6. Creatine

Creatine is a popular supplement among athletes and bodybuilders for enhancing muscle strength and performance. Though not a stimulant, creatine can cause heart palpitations in some individuals, especially when taken in excessive amounts.

How It Causes Palpitations: Excessive creatine intake can lead to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances, which may trigger palpitations. Additionally, some individuals may experience an increase in heart rate due to the body's response to the increased workload.

Scientific Evidence: Although creatine is widely regarded as safe when used appropriately, there is evidence that it can cause palpitations in some individuals, particularly when taken in doses higher than recommended.

Trusted Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2048496/

7. St. John’s Wort

St. John’s Wort is commonly used as a natural remedy for depression and anxiety. However, it can interact with various medications and cause unwanted side effects, including heart palpitations.

How It Causes Palpitations: St. John’s Wort can increase serotonin levels in the brain, leading to serotonin syndrome in severe cases. This condition can cause a rapid heartbeat and palpitations. Additionally, it may interact with other medications that affect heart rate.

Scientific Evidence: Studies have shown that St. John’s Wort can interact with several prescription medications, leading to potential side effects such as heart palpitations and increased heart rate.

Trusted Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1497759/

Preventing Heart Palpitations from Supplements

If you experience heart palpitations, it's important to review the supplements you're taking. Consider the following tips to minimize the risk:

1. Consult Your Doctor: Always consult with a healthcare provider before starting any new supplement, especially if you have a history of heart issues or are taking other medications.
2. Start with Low Doses: If you're trying a new supplement, start with the lowest recommended dose to assess your tolerance before gradually increasing it.
3. Monitor Your Response: Keep track of any symptoms, including palpitations, that occur after taking a supplement. If you notice a pattern, discontinue use and consult your doctor.
4. Avoid Combining Stimulants: Be cautious about combining multiple stimulants, as their effects can be additive and increase the risk of palpitations.
5. Stay Hydrated: Some supplements can cause dehydration, which may contribute to palpitations. Make sure to drink plenty of water throughout the day.
6. Electrolyte Balance: Maintaining proper electrolyte levels is crucial, especially if you are taking supplements that can affect hydration, like creatine.

Conclusion

While supplements can offer numerous health benefits, they can also pose risks, particularly when it comes to heart health. Understanding which supplements can cause heart palpitations and taking precautions can help you use these products safely. Always consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new supplement regimen, especially if you have pre-existing health conditions or are taking other medications.