Menstrual Disc vs. Menstrual Cup: A Doctor’s Guide to Making the Best Choice

Menstrual products have come a long way, offering women more options than ever before. Two popular choices among reusable menstrual products are the menstrual disc and the menstrual cup. Both serve as sustainable alternatives to disposable tampons and pads, but they differ in design, application, and suitability. Choosing between a menstrual disc and a cup can be daunting, so this article will explore the pros and cons of each to help you make an informed decision.

Understanding the Menstrual Disc

What is a Menstrual Disc?

A menstrual disc is a flexible, flat, and round device made of medical-grade silicone or polymer. It is inserted into the vagina and sits just below the cervix, collecting menstrual fluid. Unlike a menstrual cup, the disc does not rely on suction to stay in place but rather rests in the vaginal fornix, the space between the cervix and the vaginal wall.

Pros of Using a Menstrual Disc

1. Comfortable for Extended Wear
   • The menstrual disc can be worn for up to 12 hours, depending on the flow. Its flat design makes it less noticeable once in place, offering comfort even during extended wear.
2. Mess-Free Sex
   • One of the most significant advantages of the menstrual disc is that it allows for penetrative sex during menstruation. The disc sits far back in the vaginal canal, leaving room for sexual intercourse without causing discomfort or leakage.
3. Less Frequent Emptying
   • Menstrual discs have a larger capacity than most menstrual cups, making them ideal for women with a heavy flow. You may find that you need to empty the disc less frequently, which is convenient for those with busy schedules.
4. Suitable for High-Cervix Individuals
   • Women with a high cervix often find menstrual cups uncomfortable due to difficulty reaching the base for removal. The menstrual disc, which sits higher in the vaginal canal, is a better fit for those with a high cervix.
5. Reduced Odor
   • Since the disc collects menstrual blood internally rather than absorbing it, there is less exposure to air, reducing the risk of odor compared to tampons or pads.

Cons of Using a Menstrual Disc

1. Learning Curve
   • Inserting and removing a menstrual disc can be challenging for beginners. It requires proper placement in the vaginal fornix, which may take some practice to master. Incorrect placement can lead to leaks.
2. Potential for Messy Removal
   • Removing the disc can be messy, especially if it is full. The absence of a stem like that found on menstrual cups makes removal less straightforward, sometimes resulting in spillage.
3. Not Always Leak-Proof
   • While the menstrual disc is effective for most women, it is not entirely leak-proof. Certain movements or incorrect placement can cause it to shift, leading to leakage.
4. Higher Cost
   • Menstrual discs are typically more expensive than menstrual cups, and their lifespan may be shorter, especially if they are disposable.
5. Less Variety
   • Menstrual discs come in fewer sizes and shapes than menstrual cups, making it harder to find the perfect fit for every individual.

Understanding the Menstrual Cup

What is a Menstrual Cup?

A menstrual cup is a small, bell-shaped device made of medical-grade silicone, rubber, or thermoplastic elastomer (TPE). It is inserted into the vagina to collect menstrual fluid and is held in place by a seal created through suction. Menstrual cups are available in various sizes and firmness levels to suit different body types and flows.

Pros of Using a Menstrual Cup

1. Eco-Friendly and Cost-Effective
   • Menstrual cups are reusable, lasting anywhere from six months to ten years, depending on the brand and care. This makes them an environmentally friendly choice and a cost-effective investment over time.
2. Leak-Proof When Properly Inserted
   • Once the cup is correctly positioned, it forms a seal that prevents leaks, even during rigorous physical activities like swimming, running, or yoga.
3. Variety of Options
   • Menstrual cups come in various sizes, shapes, and firmness levels, catering to women with different cervix heights, flows, and pelvic floor strengths. This variety increases the chances of finding a cup that fits perfectly.
4. Reduced Risk of Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS)
   • Unlike tampons, which have been associated with toxic shock syndrome, the risk is significantly lower with menstrual cups. However, proper hygiene is still crucial.
5. Convenient for Travel
   • Menstrual cups are ideal for travel, as they do not need to be changed as frequently as tampons or pads. They can also be easily sterilized with boiling water, eliminating the need for multiple disposable products.

Cons of Using a Menstrual Cup

1. Steep Learning Curve
   • Similar to menstrual discs, menstrual cups can be challenging to insert and remove correctly, especially for first-time users. Creating a proper seal is essential to avoid leaks.
2. Discomfort for Some Users
   • Some women may find menstrual cups uncomfortable, especially if the cup is too firm or the size is incorrect. Women with a sensitive bladder or a low cervix may experience discomfort during use.
3. Maintenance and Cleaning
   • Menstrual cups require regular cleaning to maintain hygiene. This includes sterilizing the cup before and after each cycle, which may be inconvenient for some users.
4. Not Suitable for All Vaginal Canals
   • Women with certain anatomical differences, such as a tilted uterus or fibroids, may find it challenging to use a menstrual cup comfortably or effectively.
5. Potential for Inconvenience in Public Restrooms
   • Emptying and rinsing a menstrual cup in a public restroom can be awkward or inconvenient. This can be a significant drawback for those who need to empty their cup frequently.

Comparing Menstrual Discs and Cups: Which is Right for You?

Comfort and Fit

• Menstrual Discs: Generally, menstrual discs offer more comfort due to their placement in the vaginal fornix, away from the sensitive vaginal walls. They may be better suited for women with a high cervix or those who experience discomfort with menstrual cups.
• Menstrual Cups: Menstrual cups come in a wide range of sizes and shapes, allowing for a customized fit. However, they may cause discomfort for women with a low cervix or those who are sensitive to pressure on the bladder.

Ease of Use

• Menstrual Discs: Menstrual discs can be challenging to insert and remove, especially for beginners. The absence of a removal stem requires users to hook the rim with a finger, which can be tricky.
• Menstrual Cups: Menstrual cups may also be difficult to master initially, but the presence of a stem makes removal easier for most women. Once you get the hang of it, the process becomes quicker and more straightforward.

Capacity and Leakage

• Menstrual Discs: Menstrual discs generally have a higher capacity than menstrual cups, making them a better option for women with a heavy flow. However, they are not entirely leak-proof and can shift during certain activities.
• Menstrual Cups: Menstrual cups provide reliable leak protection when properly inserted and sealed. They are suitable for various activities, including sports and swimming, without the risk of leakage.

Sexual Activity

• Menstrual Discs: One of the most significant advantages of menstrual discs is that they allow for penetrative sex during menstruation. The disc sits far back in the vaginal canal, making it less obtrusive during intercourse.
• Menstrual Cups: Menstrual cups must be removed before engaging in penetrative sex, which may be inconvenient for some users. However, they are suitable for other forms of sexual activity, such as oral sex.

Environmental Impact and Cost

• Menstrual Discs: Reusable menstrual discs are eco-friendly but may have a shorter lifespan than menstrual cups. Disposable discs are less sustainable and require regular replacement.
• Menstrual Cups: Menstrual cups are the most environmentally friendly option, with a lifespan of several years. Although the initial cost may be higher, they are more cost-effective in the long run.

Conclusion

Choosing between a menstrual disc and a menstrual cup ultimately depends on individual preferences, anatomy, and lifestyle. If you prioritize comfort during sexual activity and have a high cervix, a menstrual disc might be the better option. However, if you seek a customizable fit, reliable leak protection, and long-term sustainability, a menstrual cup could be more suitable.

Both menstrual discs and cups offer significant benefits over traditional disposable products, contributing to reduced waste and long-term savings. With practice, either option can become a comfortable and reliable part of your menstrual care routine.