Neurological emergencies and diagnoses

Theme: Neurological emergencies and diagnoses

Options:

A. Ischaemic stroke
B. Intracerebral haemorrhage
C. Subarachnoid haemorrhage
D. Transient ischaemic attack (TIA)
E. Bell’s palsy
F. Guillain-Barré syndrome
G. Multiple sclerosis
H. Myasthenia gravis
I. Meningitis
J. Temporal arteritis
K. Cluster headache
L. Migraine with aura


Stems:

1. A 65-year-old man has sudden right-sided weakness and slurred speech lasting 15 minutes. He recovers fully.

2. A 72-year-old woman presents with sudden severe headache, vomiting, and photophobia. She becomes drowsy.

3. A 28-year-old woman has diplopia and weakness that worsens with activity and improves with rest.

4. A 40-year-old man presents with progressive weakness starting in his legs, areflexia, and a recent history of diarrhoea.

5. A 22-year-old woman has a unilateral visual loss and eye pain on movement. This is her second episode of neurological symptoms.


Answers:

1 → D. Transient ischaemic attack (TIA)
2 → C. Subarachnoid haemorrhage
3 → H. Myasthenia gravis
4 → F. Guillain-Barré syndrome
5 → G. Multiple sclerosis