A 24-year-old woman presents to the clinic with irregular menstrual cycles, acne, and weight gain. She expresses concern about not being able to conceive for the past year. MCQs: Which of the following is a criterion for diagnosing PCOS? A) Regular menstrual cycles B) Hyperandrogenism C) Ovarian cysts on ultrasound D) All of the above What is the first-line treatment for weight management in women with PCOS? A) Metformin B) Oral contraceptives C) Lifestyle modifications D) Clomiphene citrate Answers with Explanations: Answer: B) Hyperandrogenism Explanation: Hyperandrogenism, irregular menstrual cycles, and polycystic ovaries are part of the diagnostic criteria for PCOS, but regular menstrual cycles do not meet the criteria. Answer: C) Lifestyle modifications Explanation: Lifestyle modifications are the first-line treatment for weight management in PCOS, which can help restore ovulation and improve metabolic health. Overview of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): PCOS is a common endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age, characterized by irregular menstrual cycles, hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovaries. Management focuses on symptom relief and reducing long-term health risks. Discussion Points: Diagnosis: Discuss the diagnostic criteria for PCOS and the role of ultrasound in diagnosis. Management: Outline treatment options, including lifestyle changes, hormonal therapy, and fertility treatment. Patient Education: Educate the patient about PCOS and its potential long-term effects, such as metabolic syndrome.
