A 24-year-old male presents to the clinic with a 5-day history of a runny nose, nasal congestion, sore throat, and mild cough. He reports having low-grade fever (99°F) but denies any significant fatigue or body aches. He mentions that several coworkers have been sick with similar symptoms. MCQs: What is the most likely diagnosis for this patient? A) Bacterial sinusitis B) Common cold C) Bacterial pharyngitis D) Influenza What is the appropriate management for this patient? A) Prescribe antibiotics B) Recommend symptomatic treatment only C) Refer to an ENT specialist D) Order a throat culture Answers with Explanations: Answer: B) Common cold Explanation: The patient's symptoms and history suggest a viral upper respiratory infection, consistent with the common cold. Answer: B) Recommend symptomatic treatment only Explanation: The common cold is viral, and antibiotics are not indicated. Symptomatic relief is the appropriate management. Distinguishing Viral vs. Bacterial Etiology: Viral Etiology: Symptoms such as runny nose, nasal congestion, sore throat, and low-grade fever are consistent with a viral infection. Symptoms typically last 7-10 days and gradually improve. Bacterial Etiology: The absence of high fever, purulent nasal discharge, and persistent symptoms after 10 days suggest a viral cause. Management Options: Symptomatic Management: Advise the patient to use saline nasal sprays, rest, hydrate, and consider over-the-counter medications like acetaminophen or ibuprofen for symptomatic relief. Antibiotics: Explain that antibiotics are not indicated for viral infections like the common cold.
