What is the relation between Dubai Chocolate, Ramadan Desserts with Chronic diseases?

New trends in Ramadan Desserts: Their Impact on Health and Disease

Ramadan, a time of spiritual reflection and fasting, is often paradoxically associated with an increase in calorie consumption, particularly through desserts. Over the years, traditional sweets like Kunafa, Qatayef, and Basbousa have been reimagined with modern twists—adding ingredients like chocolate, Nutella, mango, Lotus Biscoff, and peanut butter. While these innovations enhance flavor, they also raise significant health concerns. This article delves into the metabolic effects of Ramadan fasting, the role of high-calorie desserts in weight gain, their link to chronic diseases, and evidence-based recommendations for healthier alternatives.

1. The Metabolic Effects of Ramadan Fasting

Weight Changes During Ramadan

• Multiple studies have investigated the impact of Ramadan fasting on body weight. A 2012 meta-analysis of 35 studies found that 60% of participants lost weight, with an average loss of 1.24 kg.
• However, most participants regained about 0.7 kg within two weeks after Ramadan, highlighting the transient nature of weight loss during fasting.

Glycemic Control and Lipid Profile Improvements

• A 2013 study analyzing 30 clinical trials found that fasting during Ramadan decreased fasting blood glucose and HbA1C levels, improving glycemic control.
• HDL (good cholesterol) increased in women, while triglycerides decreased in men, indicating potential cardiovascular benefits.
• Despite these benefits, the consumption of excessive sugar-laden desserts after fasting may counteract these positive effects.

2. Why Do Some People Gain Weight During Ramadan?

The Caloric Surplus Equation

• Weight gain fundamentally results from consuming more calories than the body burns. This principle remains unchanged whether fasting or not.
• In Ramadan, many individuals overcompensate for fasting hours by consuming high-calorie, sugar-dense meals and desserts after Iftar.
• Modern variations of desserts, such as Kunafa with Lotus or Nutella and deep-fried Qatayef filled with cream and syrup, significantly increase daily calorie intake beyond the required amount.

Psychological and Behavioral Factors

• The anticipation of breaking the fast often leads to overeating and binge-eating behaviors, especially with high-carb and sugar-rich foods.
• Food presentation and social influences play a role in excessive portion sizes and mindless eating, leading to calorie overload.
• Sugary desserts create a rapid glucose spike, increasing insulin release, leading to subsequent hunger cravings later in the night.

3. Ramadan Desserts and Their Impact on Chronic Diseases

Diabetes and Insulin Resistance

• The excessive consumption of sugary Ramadan desserts can increase the risk of insulin resistance, particularly in individuals predisposed to type 2 diabetes.
• A high glycemic index (GI) diet, commonly seen during Ramadan feasts, leads to postprandial hyperglycemia and oxidative stress, accelerating the progression of metabolic disorders.
• Studies suggest that replacing simple sugars with fiber-rich foods can reduce blood sugar spikes and improve long-term glycemic control.

Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease

• High-fat desserts with trans fats (such as deep-fried pastries and butter-laden sweets) contribute to dyslipidemia and increased LDL cholesterol.
• Excessive consumption of high-calorie Ramadan foods has been linked to visceral fat accumulation, a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
• Sedentary lifestyles during Ramadan further contribute to reduced energy expenditure, worsening the effects of a hypercaloric diet.

Digestive Issues and Metabolic Syndrome

• The combination of high-fat, high-sugar meals and fasting can trigger gastrointestinal discomfort, bloating, and indigestion.
• Consuming large amounts of refined sugar and processed flour contributes to fatty liver disease and metabolic syndrome.

4. The Role of Sleep and Circadian Rhythms in Ramadan Weight Gain

The Effect of Nighttime Eating on Metabolism

• Studies show that eating late at night disrupts circadian rhythms, leading to poor sleep quality and weight gain.
• Nighttime snacking, particularly after Taraweeh prayers, has been associated with higher postprandial glucose levels and metabolic dysfunction.
• Disrupting the sleep-wake cycle alters hunger hormones (ghrelin and leptin), increasing appetite and reducing satiety.

Ramadan Sleep Deprivation and Hormonal Imbalance

• A shortened sleep duration in Ramadan results in elevated cortisol levels, which promotes fat storage and stress eating.
• The combination of sleep deprivation and high-sugar desserts can trigger adverse metabolic effects, leading to increased fat accumulation.

5. Healthier Alternatives to Traditional Ramadan Desserts

Nutritious Dessert Modifications

• Sugar-Free or Low-Sugar Alternatives: Replace white sugar with natural sweeteners like dates, honey, or stevia.
• Baked Instead of Fried: Opt for baked Qatayef and Kunafa instead of deep-fried versions.
• High-Protein and High-Fiber Options: Use whole wheat flour, Greek yogurt, and nuts to increase satiety and improve digestion.
• Portion Control Strategies: Reduce portion sizes to limit excessive calorie intake while still enjoying Ramadan delicacies.

Hydration and Smart Food Choices

• Instead of sugary drinks like Qamar al-Din, Sobia, and sweetened juices, opt for infused water, herbal teas, or coconut water to maintain hydration.
• Avoid processed and ultra-processed desserts, which increase food cravings and contribute to weight gain and inflammation.
• Incorporate fruit-based desserts such as banana ice cream, chia pudding, or yogurt parfaits to satisfy cravings without excess sugar.

6. The Importance of Moderation and Balance in Ramadan

• While fasting promotes metabolic health and fat loss, its benefits can be counteracted by excessive calorie consumption post-Iftar.
• Physicians should educate patients on mindful eating habits, encouraging smaller dessert portions, slower eating, and hydration awareness.
• Promoting a balanced diet with protein, fiber, and healthy fats can prevent sugar crashes, control hunger, and maintain energy levels.