I think there is a little confusion between Harlequin Syndrome and Harlequin Type Icthyosis and Here is a little difference: Harlequin syndrome is a condition characterized by asymmetric sweating and flushing on the upper thoracic region of the chest, the neck, and the face. It is caused by sustaining an injury to the sympathetic nervous system, the part of the nervous system that reacts to stress and flight-or-fight circumstances. Harlequin syndrome - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Harlequin Type Icthyosis is a skin disease, is the most severe form of congenital ichthyosis, characterized by a thickening of the keratin layer in fetal human skin. Harlequin-type ichthyosis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia And I think They are not to be confused ever. Thanks ........