World's First Biological Computer: Powered by Human Brain Cells

‘Body in a Box’: The World’s First Computer Powered by Human Brain Cells

In a groundbreaking development, an Australian startup has introduced the world's first commercial biological computer, powered by living human brain cells. This revolutionary innovation, unveiled by Melbourne-based Cortical Labs, was showcased at the Mobile World Congress in Barcelona. Dubbed the CL1, this biological computer holds the potential to reshape the future of artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics.

A Leap into Biological Computing

The CL1 uses lab-grown human neurons that span across a silicon chip, enabling them to transmit and receive electrical impulses, mimicking the functionality of a human brain. These neurons are integrated into Cortical Labs’ proprietary Biological Intelligence Operating System (biOS), which allows the system to perform tasks by deploying code directly into the neurons. The biological computer operates similarly to a human brain, learning, adapting, and improving autonomously.

A Life Support System for Neurons

A major breakthrough in this biological computing system is its life support system. Neurons require a stable environment to thrive, so Cortical Labs has designed a system that regulates temperature, gas levels, and pumps to ensure the neurons stay alive for up to six months. This innovative system gives the computer a sustained biological presence that is unlike traditional silicon-based machines.

Learning and Adaptation: Playing Pong

The biological computer has already shown remarkable abilities. In an early version, the system featuring 800,000 human and mouse neurons on a chip learned to play the video game Pong on its own. This was not just a simple mechanical task—researchers published findings in Cell that the neurons exhibited a form of sentience when immersed in a simulated game world, showcasing their capacity for independent learning and decision-making.

Energy Efficiency: A New Era for AI

One of the major advantages of the CL1 is its energy efficiency. Unlike traditional silicon-based computers that require immense amounts of power to operate, the biological computer uses significantly less energy. This efficiency, coupled with its ability to self-program and adapt, offers a sustainable alternative for the development of AI and robotics. Cortical Labs claims that the biological system is “infinitely flexible,” capable of mastering complex tasks with minimal training data.

Addressing Ethical Concerns

While this biological computer marks an incredible technological milestone, it raises several ethical questions regarding sentience and consciousness. Cortical Labs acknowledges the ethical concerns and claims to have put safeguards in place to prevent any unwanted outcomes, although specific details about these measures remain sparse. As such, the broader scientific community will likely engage in ongoing discussions about the ethical implications of creating living, learning machines.

The Path Ahead: Commercial Availability

The first commercial units of the CL1 are expected to ship in June, with each unit priced at approximately $35,000 (£27,000). The launch of the CL1 marks the culmination of nearly six years of research and development by Cortical Labs. As the technology advances, there are high expectations that biological computers could find applications in fields like AI-driven systems, robotics, neuroprosthetics, and more.

Potential for AI and Robotics

The merging of biological processes with traditional computing offers groundbreaking opportunities. Unlike conventional AI systems, which rely on complex algorithms, the CL1 offers an organic, adaptable approach. By incorporating the brain’s flexibility into computing, this innovation promises to bring us closer to true artificial intelligence that is capable of learning and evolving much like a human brain.

Conclusion: Shaping the Future of Computing

Cortical Labs’ introduction of the CL1 could mark the beginning of a new era in computing. By leveraging the self-programming nature of human neurons, this biological computer is not only energy-efficient but also adaptable in ways traditional computers can’t match. As the technology evolves, we could see its influence extend far beyond AI and robotics, touching areas of neurotechnology, medical research, and beyond.