Medical Case

toberos sclerosis

 

tri

 

tri

 

neurofibromatosis

 

nfm

 

sx von Recklinghausen

 

?

 

Neurofibromatosis

 

NF

 

Herpes

 

?

 

neurofibromatosis

 

neurofibromatosis

 

tuberus sclerosis

 

tuberous sclerosis

 

apparantly this was the wrong answer, The correct answer is Multiple Trichoepithelioma , which is a genetic disorder!

 

Multiple Trichoepithelioma is familial and inherited as autosomal dominant condition. Both sexes may be affected, although females outnumber males. The gene for MT is located on Chromosome 9p21. The tumours appear at puberty, are symmetrical, small, rounded and shiny. Commonly, cheeks, nasolabial folds and forehead are involved. Rare sites of involvement include neck, chest, shoulders and interscapular regions. The lesion may vary from a papule to a large nodule or tumour. Rarely, ulceration may occur simulating basal cell carcinoma.

MT may be seen in Brooke-Spiegler syndrome .Our patients did not have features suggestive of these disorders. Histology shows typical horn cysts, tumour islands composed of basophilic cells arranged in a network, foreign body giant reaction around horn cysts and differentiation towards hair structures.

Onset at puberty, spontaneous regression of tumours postmenopausally in the mother, as in our case and female preponderance, may suggest a possible hormonal influence. Sawchunk and Herald found no oestrogen and progesterone receptors on tumour tissue in a study of a single patient. Presently, we could not conduct studies in this regard, due to the lack of facilities.

Patients with MT usually seek treatment for cosmetic appearance. They also need to be followed up regularly due to the risk of developing basal cell carcinoma. Treatment of MT is disappointing and difficult. The lesions are situated in the deep dermis and liable for regrowth if partially removed. New lesions may continue to occur in MT, as it is genetically inherited. Treatment modalities suggested include excision, dermabrasion, electrodessication, cryotherapy, radiotherapy, and Argon, CO2 and erbium-YAG lasers.

Although, lasers have been found to give better results, they are not easily available, are expensive and may result in pigmentary problems in Indian skin. Dermabrasion is equally effective, cheap, gives good and long-term cosmetic improvement, as in our patient. In conclusion, we report a large family pedigree with MT. Spontaneous regression of tumours in the mother is a rare and unusual finding. Dermabrasion, as in our case, is a good therapeutic option for MT in a resource-poor setting where lasers are not easily available or when not affordable by the patients. Further studies on oestrogen and progesterone receptors of tumour tissue in MT are suggested, as it may have a therapeutic implication with hormonal preparations.

 

Multiple Trichoepithelioma.

 

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