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Types Of Heart Diseases

Discussion in 'General Discussion' started by writermariaa, Aug 17, 2019.

  1. writermariaa

    writermariaa Young Member

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    heart disease (heart disease) may affect any function of the heart and any parts of the heart, the most common heart disease is coronary syndrome (or: Coronary syndrome - Coronary syndrome) in various forms and manifestations.
    Coronary blood vessels are blood vessels scattered on the outer side of the heart muscle and function to deliver blood to the heart itself.

    When does heart disease occur?

    When there is a process of stiffness (accumulation of a mixture of calcium and fat) within the coronary blood vessels, or when constriction occurs in these blood vessels, it is possible to narrow the cavity, which impedes the delivery of blood to the heart muscle.

    Any damage to the heart muscle or its ability to contract can cause a temporary or sustained decline in the ability of the heart to contract.

    When the heart's ability to contract is impaired, there is a decrease in blood pumping to vital organs. This narrowing of blood vessels causes angina pectoris, and if permanent damage to the heart muscle occurs, myocardial infarction is generated.

    A person suffering from angina or myocardial infarction may experience pain or pressure on the chest wall, sometimes accompanied by sweating, suffocation, shortness of breath, nausea, and a feeling of overall kidney weakness.

    This situation constitutes an emergency requiring urgent medical intervention.

    Treatment options in such cases are numerous and varied, such as drug therapy or catheterization aimed at opening and enlarging closed blood vessels

    But the best option in this case is prevention such as not smoking, maintaining a balance of blood lipid levels, physical activity.

    Heart and blood circulation, how do they work?

    Sometimes it may be necessary to transfer the patient to the operating room for a coronary artery bypass graft. This surgery can be performed quickly as an emergency surgery, or as a pre-planned operation based on the results of various tests requiring surgical intervention.

    Myocardium may be infected by an infectious heart disease caused by viruses, by immune system interactions, or by alcohol and drug use.

    Explain about the heart

    There are four valves in the heart, each of which can be damaged and malfunctioning.
    The main disorders in the functioning of the heart valves are classified into two groups:
    Stenosis of the heart valve: It affects the ability to pump and move blood between different parts (chambers) of the heart, which requires more pressure in the pumping of blood in order to reach the normal level pumped by the heart.

    Heart valve expansion: Blood flow continues even while the heart valve is supposed to block blood flow, completely.

    The widened heart valve can be likened to a water tap, while the narrowing heart valve can be likened to a water tap that does not fully open.

    At the heart is a conduction system responsible for transmitting electrical signals that stimulate heart contractions, regulating the timing of contractions and regulating the relationship between ventricular contractions and atrial contractions.

    Occasionally, a malfunction of the electrical transmission system can be reflected in: accelerated heart rate, slowing of the heart rate, irregular heart rate, or the absence of any clear time relationship between the timing of ventricular contractions and the timing of atrial contractions.

    heart disease in the heart valves can be congenital (congenital disease) and heart murmur is expected to be heard when listening to the sound of the heart.

    They may be acquired as a result of various infectious heart diseases that cause damage, directly or indirectly, to heart valves.

    Well atherosclerosis, too, can cause damage to the heart valves. The signs and symptoms of heart disease in the valves are: dyspnea, decreased physical fitness, increased fatigue, coronary syndrome, arrhythmia and frequent fainting.

    When a certain type of heart disease is suspected, you should contact your family doctor or an internal medicine specialist. Sometimes, according to different data, it may also be necessary to consult a cardiologist.

    Symptoms of heart disease
    Symptoms of heart disease vary according to the disease, as follows:
    Cardiovascular Disease - CVD
    Cardiovascular disease is caused by narrowing, blockage or stiffness of blood vessels, resulting in the heart, brain, or other organs not receiving enough blood.
    Symptoms of cardiovascular disease include:
    chest pain (angina pectoris)
    Dyspnea
    Pain, numbness, weakness or cold in the legs and arms, if there is a narrowing of blood vessels in them
    Symptoms of heart disease caused by arrhythmias (Arrhythmia)
    Arrhythmia is an irregular heartbeat. Arrhythmias may include a higher-than-normal heart rate, a lower than normal rate or irregularly.

    Symptoms of heart disease associated with heart rhythm include:
    [​IMG]
    Flutter (tremor) in the chest
    Tachycardia (tachycardia)
    Bradycardia (slow pulse - Bradycardia)
    pain in chest
    Shortness of breath
    Dizziness
    Fainting / Fainting / Syncope

    Symptoms of heart disease caused by heart defect

    An acute Congenital defect in the heart can be detected, usually, within hours, days, weeks or months after birth. Symptoms of heart defects include:

    Light gray or blue skin (Cyanosis)
    Swelling in the abdomen, in the legs or around the eyes
    Shortness of breath during eating, causing insufficient weight gain
    Less severe and serious birth defects are diagnosed, often, only late in childhood or even in adulthood.
    Symptoms of congenital heart defects, which do not pose an immediate danger to life, include:
    Ease of shortness of breath due to physical or athletic activity
    Ease of feeling tired, as a result of physical activity or sports
    Fluid accumulation in the heart or lungs
    Swelling of the hands, ankles or palms
    Symptoms of heart disease caused by cardiomyopathy
    Cardiomyopathy means that the heart muscle becomes thicker and stiffer. Sometimes, in the early stages of cardiomyopathy, no symptoms appear at all.

    As the disease worsens and worsens, its symptoms may include:

    Shortness of breath when making any effort, or even rest time
    Swelling of the legs, ankles and feet
    Swelling (dilatation) in the abdomen due to fluid accumulation
    Fatigue
    Arrhythmias - tachycardia, palpitations or flutter
    Dizziness and fainting

    Symptoms of heart disease caused by contamination

    There are three types of heart infections:

    Pericarditis (inflammation of the heart membrane - Pericarditis), which is inflammation of the tissues (membrane) that cover the heart

    Myocarditis, affects the middle layer of the heart muscle

    Endocarditis, which affects the inner membrane that separates the chambers of the heart and its valves

    Symptoms of heart disease caused by heart pollution vary, depending on the type of infection, including:
    Fever
    shortness of breath
    Weakness or fatigue
    Swelling of the legs or abdomen
    Changes in heart rate
    Dry or persistent cough
    Skin rash or unusual patches

    Symptoms of heart disease caused by a problem in the heart valves

    The heart has four valves:
    Aortic valve
    Mitral valve
    Pulmonary valve
    Ttricuspid valve

    All heart valves open and close to guide blood flow through the heart.

    Heart valves may be damaged by several factors that lead to narrowing, leaking (abnormal flow or failure) or incomplete closure (prolapse).

    Symptoms of heart disease caused by damage to the heart valves vary depending on the damaged heart valve and include

    Fatigue
    shortness of breath
    Arrhythmia or heart murmur
    Swelling of the palms or ankles
    pain in chest
    fainting.

    Causes and risk factors of heart disease

    Causes of heart disease
    Risk factors that lead to heart disease include:
    [​IMG]
    Smoking
    Malnutrition
    Hypertension
    Hypercholesterolemia
    Diabetes
    Excess obesity
    Lack of physical activity
    Constant tension
    Poor hygiene.

    The mechanism of action of the heart

    Understanding how and how the heart works makes it easier to understand the causes of heart disease.

    The heart is a pump, a fist-sized muscular organ, located slightly to the left of the center of the chest.

    The heart is divided into two sides, left and right. The goal of this chapter is to ensure that oxygen-rich blood does not mix with oxygen-free blood. Oxygen-free blood is blue in color, returning to the heart after being in the body.

    The right side of the heart consists of the right atrium and right ventricle. It receives blood from the lungs and pumps it into them, through the pulmonary arteries.

    The lungs refresh the blood and regenerate it with new oxygen, which changes color as a result and becomes red. Oxygen-rich blood crosses here (from the right side) to the left side of the heart, which, too, consists of the left atrium and left ventricle. From there (from the left side) blood is pumped into the body, through the aorta, to supply different tissues of the body with oxygen and various nutrients.

    The four valves in the heart are responsible for proper blood flow. They all work like gates in a fence. Valves open only in one direction and only when pressed. Each valve opens and closes once in every single heartbeat, or almost every second, at rest.

    The heart has two conditions:

    Systolic: In this case, the left and right ventricles contract, and the blood is pumped into the blood vessels and through it to the lungs and the rest of the body. The right ventricle contracts just before the left ventricle.

    Diastolic: The left and right ventricles dilate and are filled with blood coming from the left and right atrium. The session then starts again.

    The heart also has an electrical wiring responsible for the continuation of the heartbeat. The electrical impulses start from the top, in the right atrium, and then move in a special path to the ventricles with orders to draw blood.

    The transport system is responsible for ensuring a consistent and healthy heartbeat so that blood can continue to flow in a rotating fashion. Continuous switching between oxygen-rich blood and oxygen-free blood is the process that keeps life going.

    Causes of cardiovascular disease

    The term "cardiovascular diseases" refers to several types of cardiovascular disease. This name is also often called damage to the heart or blood vessels from atherosclerosis - the accumulation of layers of fat inside the arteries.

    Over time, too high pressure on the arteries can make their walls more rigid (less supple) and thicker, which can sometimes block blood flow to different organs and tissues.
    This process is called "calcification of the arteries" (or: atherosclerosis) and is the most common type of this disorder, which is the most common factor for the emergence of risks and causes of cardiovascular disease.

    The causes of this disorder (calcification of the arteries) are: an unhealthy diet, lack of physical activity, obesity and smoking.

    These are all serious risk factors for the development of atherosclerosis, leading to the development of cardiovascular disease.

    Causes of arrhythmias:

    Common causes of arrhythmias (Arrhythmia), or for diseases that may lead to arrhythmias, include

    Congenital heart defect
    Coronary artery disease
    Hypertension
    Diabetes
    Smoking
    Excessive alcohol and caffeine intake
    Drug Addiction
    Tension

    Some over-the-counter medications, certain prescription medications, some supplements and some therapeutic herbs

    Disease in the heart valves.

    A heart rhythm disorder is unlikely to appear to pose a life threat to a healthy person and his heart is in a normal and intact state, without external interference such as an electrical blow or drug use. This is because a healthy human heart does not suffer from any abnormal situation that can cause arrhythmias (arrhythmias).

    In a sick or deformed heart, electrical impulses may not function as normally as they should, greatly increasing the likelihood of an arrhythmia.

    Causes of defects and heart defects:

    Defects and heart abnormalities arise and develop, usually, when the fetus is in the womb. About a month after the start of pregnancy, the fetal heart begins to grow. At this point, heart abnormalities can begin to develop.

    Researchers do not know for sure why birth defects arise, but they believe that some diseases, some drugs and genetic factors play a role.

    Causes of heart disease and cardiomyopathy:

    The exact cause of cardiomyopathy (enlargement or enlargement of the heart muscle) is unknown.

    There are three types of cardiomyopathy:

    Weak or very broad heart muscle
    Myocardium is very thick
    Severe (stiff) heart muscle is limited
    Causes of cardiac infections
    Heart infections, such as pericarditis, myocarditis and endocarditis, occur when the heart muscle reaches a stimulant, such as a virus, a bacterium or a chemical.

    The most common factors causing inflammation of the heart include:
    Bacteria
    Viruses
    parasites
    Medications that may provoke an allergic or toxic reaction
    Other diseases.
    Causes of valve heart disease:
    There are many factors that increase the risk of heart disease in the valves (valvular heart disease).
    Heart valve disease in the heart can be congenital (or congenital), or may be caused by diseases such as: rheumatic fever (Rheumatic fever), endocarditis, connective tissue diseases (connective tissue), some drugs and radiotherapy For cancer.
    Complications of heart disease
    One of the most common complications of heart disease is congestive heart failure.

    Other complications associated with heart disease include:
    heart attack
    brain attack
    Aneurysm - a local aneurysm of blood vessel walls
    Peripheral arterial disease
    Sudden cardiac arrest
    Diagnosis of heart disease
    Diagnosis of heart disease
    The tests needed to diagnose heart disease are related to the type of disease the doctor suspects.

    In all cases, the doctor is likely to perform a physical examination and ask questions about the medical history of the patient and his family, before deciding to take any other test.
    Tests to diagnose heart disease include:

    [​IMG]
    Blood tests
    Electrocardiogram (Electrocardiogram - E.K.G)
    Holter Monitor
    Echocardiography
    Cardiac catheterization
    Heart biopsy (Biopsy)
    Computed Tomography (CT)
    Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

    If the results of an echocardiogram are unclear, your doctor may recommend an ultrasound scan through your esophagus.

    For this examination, the patient swallows a flexible tube containing a small adapter, about the size of the index finger, up to the throat. The adapter transfers images from the heart to the computer screen.

    Treatment of heart disease

    Treatment of heart disease

    There are different types of heart disease treatment, such as lifestyle and habits changes, drug therapy, surgical treatment or other medical procedure.

    Treatment of cardiovascular diseases

    The aim of cardiovascular diseases is to open narrowed or closed arteries that cause symptoms.
    The type of treatment depends on the severity of the stenosis and may include lifestyle changes and habits, certain medications, some medical procedures or surgery.

    Treatment of heart rhythm disorders

    Treatment of cardiac arrhythmias can include medications, medical procedures, artificial pacemaker for pacemaker, defibrillator implantation, defibrillator surgery and vagus nerve stimulation (vagal stimulation - StimulationVagal).

    Treatment of cardiac malformations

    Some defects or heart defects are small and simple and do not require treatment, but other defects and abnormalities require permanent monitoring, drug therapy, and sometimes even surgical treatment.

    The type of heart disease treatment depends on the type and severity of the defect and may include medications, special procedures using catheterization, open heart surgery and heart transplantation.

    Treatment of cardiomyopathy

    Treatment of heart disease and cardiomyopathy relates to the type and severity of myopathy. Treatment of heart disease includes:
    [​IMG]
    Drug therapy
    medical equipments
    Heart transplantation.
    Treatment of contamination

    The first treatment for infections (heart infections), such as pericarditis (Pericarditis), myocarditis (endocarditis) and endocarditis, often with drugs, antibiotics, and tachycardia.

    Valve-related heart disease treatments vary according to the type of valve involved and the severity of the risk, but generally include medications, balloon opening, repair and restoration or valve replacement.

    Prevention of heart disease

    Certain types of heart disease, such as heart defects, cannot be prevented. But changes in lifestyles, which help improve the condition of some patients with heart disease, may also help prevent many types of heart disease.

    These changes include:

    Quit Smoking
    Maintain normal levels of blood pressure, cholesterol and diabetes
    Attention to physical activity
    Take care of a healthy diet
    Maintain a healthy weight
    Reduce stress level and control it.

    Alternative treatments

    There are several ways in alternative medicine that may be useful in lowering cholesterol and in preventing certain types of heart disease, including:
    Plantar ovale (or: ewe bite)
    Coenzyme Q10
    Seeds of flax
    Oats and oat bran
    Omega 3 fatty acids.
     

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