heart disease (heart disease) may affect any function of the heart and any parts of the heart, the most common heart disease is coronary syndrome (or: Coronary syndrome - Coronary syndrome) in various forms and manifestations. Coronary blood vessels are blood vessels scattered on the outer side of the heart muscle and function to deliver blood to the heart itself. When does heart disease occur? When there is a process of stiffness (accumulation of a mixture of calcium and fat) within the coronary blood vessels, or when constriction occurs in these blood vessels, it is possible to narrow the cavity, which impedes the delivery of blood to the heart muscle. Any damage to the heart muscle or its ability to contract can cause a temporary or sustained decline in the ability of the heart to contract. When the heart's ability to contract is impaired, there is a decrease in blood pumping to vital organs. This narrowing of blood vessels causes angina pectoris, and if permanent damage to the heart muscle occurs, myocardial infarction is generated. A person suffering from angina or myocardial infarction may experience pain or pressure on the chest wall, sometimes accompanied by sweating, suffocation, shortness of breath, nausea, and a feeling of overall kidney weakness. This situation constitutes an emergency requiring urgent medical intervention. Treatment options in such cases are numerous and varied, such as drug therapy or catheterization aimed at opening and enlarging closed blood vessels But the best option in this case is prevention such as not smoking, maintaining a balance of blood lipid levels, physical activity. Heart and blood circulation, how do they work? Sometimes it may be necessary to transfer the patient to the operating room for a coronary artery bypass graft. This surgery can be performed quickly as an emergency surgery, or as a pre-planned operation based on the results of various tests requiring surgical intervention. Myocardium may be infected by an infectious heart disease caused by viruses, by immune system interactions, or by alcohol and drug use. Explain about the heart There are four valves in the heart, each of which can be damaged and malfunctioning. The main disorders in the functioning of the heart valves are classified into two groups: Stenosis of the heart valve: It affects the ability to pump and move blood between different parts (chambers) of the heart, which requires more pressure in the pumping of blood in order to reach the normal level pumped by the heart. Heart valve expansion: Blood flow continues even while the heart valve is supposed to block blood flow, completely. The widened heart valve can be likened to a water tap, while the narrowing heart valve can be likened to a water tap that does not fully open. At the heart is a conduction system responsible for transmitting electrical signals that stimulate heart contractions, regulating the timing of contractions and regulating the relationship between ventricular contractions and atrial contractions. Occasionally, a malfunction of the electrical transmission system can be reflected in: accelerated heart rate, slowing of the heart rate, irregular heart rate, or the absence of any clear time relationship between the timing of ventricular contractions and the timing of atrial contractions. heart disease in the heart valves can be congenital (congenital disease) and heart murmur is expected to be heard when listening to the sound of the heart. They may be acquired as a result of various infectious heart diseases that cause damage, directly or indirectly, to heart valves. Well atherosclerosis, too, can cause damage to the heart valves. The signs and symptoms of heart disease in the valves are: dyspnea, decreased physical fitness, increased fatigue, coronary syndrome, arrhythmia and frequent fainting. When a certain type of heart disease is suspected, you should contact your family doctor or an internal medicine specialist. Sometimes, according to different data, it may also be necessary to consult a cardiologist. Symptoms of heart disease Symptoms of heart disease vary according to the disease, as follows: Cardiovascular Disease - CVD Cardiovascular disease is caused by narrowing, blockage or stiffness of blood vessels, resulting in the heart, brain, or other organs not receiving enough blood. Symptoms of cardiovascular disease include: chest pain (angina pectoris) Dyspnea Pain, numbness, weakness or cold in the legs and arms, if there is a narrowing of blood vessels in them Symptoms of heart disease caused by arrhythmias (Arrhythmia) Arrhythmia is an irregular heartbeat. Arrhythmias may include a higher-than-normal heart rate, a lower than normal rate or irregularly. Symptoms of heart disease associated with heart rhythm include: Flutter (tremor) in the chest Tachycardia (tachycardia) Bradycardia (slow pulse - Bradycardia) pain in chest Shortness of breath Dizziness Fainting / Fainting / Syncope Symptoms of heart disease caused by heart defect An acute Congenital defect in the heart can be detected, usually, within hours, days, weeks or months after birth. Symptoms of heart defects include: Light gray or blue skin (Cyanosis) Swelling in the abdomen, in the legs or around the eyes Shortness of breath during eating, causing insufficient weight gain Less severe and serious birth defects are diagnosed, often, only late in childhood or even in adulthood. Symptoms of congenital heart defects, which do not pose an immediate danger to life, include: Ease of shortness of breath due to physical or athletic activity Ease of feeling tired, as a result of physical activity or sports Fluid accumulation in the heart or lungs Swelling of the hands, ankles or palms Symptoms of heart disease caused by cardiomyopathy Cardiomyopathy means that the heart muscle becomes thicker and stiffer. Sometimes, in the early stages of cardiomyopathy, no symptoms appear at all. As the disease worsens and worsens, its symptoms may include: Shortness of breath when making any effort, or even rest time Swelling of the legs, ankles and feet Swelling (dilatation) in the abdomen due to fluid accumulation Fatigue Arrhythmias - tachycardia, palpitations or flutter Dizziness and fainting Symptoms of heart disease caused by contamination There are three types of heart infections: Pericarditis (inflammation of the heart membrane - Pericarditis), which is inflammation of the tissues (membrane) that cover the heart Myocarditis, affects the middle layer of the heart muscle Endocarditis, which affects the inner membrane that separates the chambers of the heart and its valves Symptoms of heart disease caused by heart pollution vary, depending on the type of infection, including: Fever shortness of breath Weakness or fatigue Swelling of the legs or abdomen Changes in heart rate Dry or persistent cough Skin rash or unusual patches Symptoms of heart disease caused by a problem in the heart valves The heart has four valves: Aortic valve Mitral valve Pulmonary valve Ttricuspid valve All heart valves open and close to guide blood flow through the heart. Heart valves may be damaged by several factors that lead to narrowing, leaking (abnormal flow or failure) or incomplete closure (prolapse). Symptoms of heart disease caused by damage to the heart valves vary depending on the damaged heart valve and include Fatigue shortness of breath Arrhythmia or heart murmur Swelling of the palms or ankles pain in chest fainting. Causes and risk factors of heart disease Causes of heart disease Risk factors that lead to heart disease include: Smoking Malnutrition Hypertension Hypercholesterolemia Diabetes Excess obesity Lack of physical activity Constant tension Poor hygiene. The mechanism of action of the heart Understanding how and how the heart works makes it easier to understand the causes of heart disease. The heart is a pump, a fist-sized muscular organ, located slightly to the left of the center of the chest. The heart is divided into two sides, left and right. The goal of this chapter is to ensure that oxygen-rich blood does not mix with oxygen-free blood. Oxygen-free blood is blue in color, returning to the heart after being in the body. The right side of the heart consists of the right atrium and right ventricle. It receives blood from the lungs and pumps it into them, through the pulmonary arteries. The lungs refresh the blood and regenerate it with new oxygen, which changes color as a result and becomes red. Oxygen-rich blood crosses here (from the right side) to the left side of the heart, which, too, consists of the left atrium and left ventricle. From there (from the left side) blood is pumped into the body, through the aorta, to supply different tissues of the body with oxygen and various nutrients. The four valves in the heart are responsible for proper blood flow. They all work like gates in a fence. Valves open only in one direction and only when pressed. Each valve opens and closes once in every single heartbeat, or almost every second, at rest. The heart has two conditions: Systolic: In this case, the left and right ventricles contract, and the blood is pumped into the blood vessels and through it to the lungs and the rest of the body. The right ventricle contracts just before the left ventricle. Diastolic: The left and right ventricles dilate and are filled with blood coming from the left and right atrium. The session then starts again. The heart also has an electrical wiring responsible for the continuation of the heartbeat. The electrical impulses start from the top, in the right atrium, and then move in a special path to the ventricles with orders to draw blood. The transport system is responsible for ensuring a consistent and healthy heartbeat so that blood can continue to flow in a rotating fashion. Continuous switching between oxygen-rich blood and oxygen-free blood is the process that keeps life going. Causes of cardiovascular disease The term "cardiovascular diseases" refers to several types of cardiovascular disease. This name is also often called damage to the heart or blood vessels from atherosclerosis - the accumulation of layers of fat inside the arteries. Over time, too high pressure on the arteries can make their walls more rigid (less supple) and thicker, which can sometimes block blood flow to different organs and tissues. This process is called "calcification of the arteries" (or: atherosclerosis) and is the most common type of this disorder, which is the most common factor for the emergence of risks and causes of cardiovascular disease. The causes of this disorder (calcification of the arteries) are: an unhealthy diet, lack of physical activity, obesity and smoking. These are all serious risk factors for the development of atherosclerosis, leading to the development of cardiovascular disease. Causes of arrhythmias: Common causes of arrhythmias (Arrhythmia), or for diseases that may lead to arrhythmias, include Congenital heart defect Coronary artery disease Hypertension Diabetes Smoking Excessive alcohol and caffeine intake Drug Addiction Tension Some over-the-counter medications, certain prescription medications, some supplements and some therapeutic herbs Disease in the heart valves. A heart rhythm disorder is unlikely to appear to pose a life threat to a healthy person and his heart is in a normal and intact state, without external interference such as an electrical blow or drug use. This is because a healthy human heart does not suffer from any abnormal situation that can cause arrhythmias (arrhythmias). In a sick or deformed heart, electrical impulses may not function as normally as they should, greatly increasing the likelihood of an arrhythmia. Causes of defects and heart defects: Defects and heart abnormalities arise and develop, usually, when the fetus is in the womb. About a month after the start of pregnancy, the fetal heart begins to grow. At this point, heart abnormalities can begin to develop. Researchers do not know for sure why birth defects arise, but they believe that some diseases, some drugs and genetic factors play a role. Causes of heart disease and cardiomyopathy: The exact cause of cardiomyopathy (enlargement or enlargement of the heart muscle) is unknown. There are three types of cardiomyopathy: Weak or very broad heart muscle Myocardium is very thick Severe (stiff) heart muscle is limited Causes of cardiac infections Heart infections, such as pericarditis, myocarditis and endocarditis, occur when the heart muscle reaches a stimulant, such as a virus, a bacterium or a chemical. The most common factors causing inflammation of the heart include: Bacteria Viruses parasites Medications that may provoke an allergic or toxic reaction Other diseases. Causes of valve heart disease: There are many factors that increase the risk of heart disease in the valves (valvular heart disease). Heart valve disease in the heart can be congenital (or congenital), or may be caused by diseases such as: rheumatic fever (Rheumatic fever), endocarditis, connective tissue diseases (connective tissue), some drugs and radiotherapy For cancer. Complications of heart disease One of the most common complications of heart disease is congestive heart failure. Other complications associated with heart disease include: heart attack brain attack Aneurysm - a local aneurysm of blood vessel walls Peripheral arterial disease Sudden cardiac arrest Diagnosis of heart disease Diagnosis of heart disease The tests needed to diagnose heart disease are related to the type of disease the doctor suspects. In all cases, the doctor is likely to perform a physical examination and ask questions about the medical history of the patient and his family, before deciding to take any other test. Tests to diagnose heart disease include: Blood tests Electrocardiogram (Electrocardiogram - E.K.G) Holter Monitor Echocardiography Cardiac catheterization Heart biopsy (Biopsy) Computed Tomography (CT) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) If the results of an echocardiogram are unclear, your doctor may recommend an ultrasound scan through your esophagus. For this examination, the patient swallows a flexible tube containing a small adapter, about the size of the index finger, up to the throat. The adapter transfers images from the heart to the computer screen. Treatment of heart disease Treatment of heart disease There are different types of heart disease treatment, such as lifestyle and habits changes, drug therapy, surgical treatment or other medical procedure. Treatment of cardiovascular diseases The aim of cardiovascular diseases is to open narrowed or closed arteries that cause symptoms. The type of treatment depends on the severity of the stenosis and may include lifestyle changes and habits, certain medications, some medical procedures or surgery. Treatment of heart rhythm disorders Treatment of cardiac arrhythmias can include medications, medical procedures, artificial pacemaker for pacemaker, defibrillator implantation, defibrillator surgery and vagus nerve stimulation (vagal stimulation - StimulationVagal). Treatment of cardiac malformations Some defects or heart defects are small and simple and do not require treatment, but other defects and abnormalities require permanent monitoring, drug therapy, and sometimes even surgical treatment. The type of heart disease treatment depends on the type and severity of the defect and may include medications, special procedures using catheterization, open heart surgery and heart transplantation. Treatment of cardiomyopathy Treatment of heart disease and cardiomyopathy relates to the type and severity of myopathy. Treatment of heart disease includes: Drug therapy medical equipments Heart transplantation. Treatment of contamination The first treatment for infections (heart infections), such as pericarditis (Pericarditis), myocarditis (endocarditis) and endocarditis, often with drugs, antibiotics, and tachycardia. Valve-related heart disease treatments vary according to the type of valve involved and the severity of the risk, but generally include medications, balloon opening, repair and restoration or valve replacement. Prevention of heart disease Certain types of heart disease, such as heart defects, cannot be prevented. But changes in lifestyles, which help improve the condition of some patients with heart disease, may also help prevent many types of heart disease. These changes include: Quit Smoking Maintain normal levels of blood pressure, cholesterol and diabetes Attention to physical activity Take care of a healthy diet Maintain a healthy weight Reduce stress level and control it. Alternative treatments There are several ways in alternative medicine that may be useful in lowering cholesterol and in preventing certain types of heart disease, including: Plantar ovale (or: ewe bite) Coenzyme Q10 Seeds of flax Oats and oat bran Omega 3 fatty acids.